Essential CVS/CVS Quick Reference
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CVS Options
Use the following syntax to issue CVS commands:
cvs [cvs-options] command [cmd-options] [args]
Replace cvs-options with one or more of the following:
- -a
- Authenticate the data stream
- --allow-root=directory
- Set the repository root directory (used in server modes)
- -d repository-path
- Specify the repository path for the current command
- -e editor
- Use the specified editor in commit or import commands
- -f
- Do not use the ~/.cvsrc file
- -H or --help
- Display help for CVS
- --help-commands
- Display a list of CVS commands
- --help-options
- Display a list of CVS options
- --help-synonyms
- Display a list of synonyms for CVS commands
- --H command or --help command
- Display the options and help for the specified command
- -l
- Do not log the current command to the history file
- -n
- Do not write to the repository or sandbox
- -q
- Run in quiet mode
- -Q
- Run in very quiet mode
- -r
- Set files checked out to the sandbox read-only
- -s variable=value
- Set a user variable for use with one of the scripting files in CVSROOT
- -t
- Display messages that trace the execution of the command
- -T directory
- Use the named directory to store temporary files
- -v or --version
- Display CVS version and copyright information
- -w
- Set files checked out to the sandbox readable and writable
- -x
- Encrypt all data that travels across the network
- -z #
- Compress all network traffic using the specfied gzip compression level
Repository Access
Repository path format is as follows:
[:method:][[[user][:password]@] hostname[:[port]]]/path
Access methods can be any of the following:
- ext
- Connection through external rsh or rsh-like program
- fork
- Client/server mode on local computer
- gserver
- Connection through the GSS-API and Kerberos 5
- local
- Local computer, no client/server mode
- pserver
- Connection through password server
- kserver
- Connection through Kerberos 4
- server
- Connection through internal rsh server
Key environment variables relating to repository access are:
- CVS_RSH
- Specifies rsh-like executable
- CVSROOT
- Specifies repository path
Common CVS Tasks
The following lists show the syntax to use in performing common CVS tasks. Remember that for any CVS command you can specify the repository path using the -d option. For example:
cvs -d repository_path checkout project
For brevity, the -d option is not shown in any of the example commands. However, it can be added to any of the commands.
Sandbox Commands
Create a new sandbox
cvs checkout project
Remove a sandbox
cvs release directory
Check out files as of a specific tag name or revision
cvs checkout -r [tagname|revision] project
Check out files as of a specific date or time
cvs checkout -D [date|time] project
Synchronization Commands
Upload changes to the repository
cvs commit [filenames]
Force upload of unchanged files
cvs commit -f [filenames]
Download changes from the repository
cvs update [filenames]
Download changes, and download new directories
cvs update -d [filenames]
Download changes, but not empty directories
cvs update -P [filenames]
Download changes and clear sticky revision, date, keyword mode, or branch
cvs update -A [filenames]
Convert an existing sandbox to a specific tag name or revision
cvs update -r [tagname|revision] project
Convert an existing sandbox to a specific date or time
cvs update -D [date|time] project
File Commands
Add new files or directories to the repository
cvs add [filenames]
Add new binary files to the repository
cvs add -kb [filenames]
Remove files or directories from the repository
cvs remove [filenames]
Remove files or directories and delete from the sandbox
cvs remove -f [filenames]
Branch Commands
Create a branch from within a sandbox
cvs tag -b branchname [filenames]
Create a branch from anywhere using a tag name or revision
cvs rtag -r [tagname|revision] -b branchname project
Create a branch from anywhere using a date or time
cvs rtag -D [date|time] branchname project
Check out a branch sandbox
cvs checkout -r branchname project
Convert an existing sandbox to a branch sandbox
cvs update -r branchname [filenames]
Tag Commands
Tag files from within a sandbox
cvs tag tagname [filenames]
Tag files from anywhere using a tag name or revision
cvs rtag -r [existing_tagname|revision] new_tagname project
Tag files from anywhere using a date or time
cvs rtag -D [date|time] tagname project
Move a tag from within a sandbox
cvs tag -F tagname [filenames]
Move a tag from anywhere using a tag name or revision
cvs rtag -r [tagname_at_location|revision] -F tagname_to_move project
Move a tag from anywhere using a date or time
cvs rtag -D [date|time] -F tagname project
Delete a tag from within a sandbox
cvs tag -d tagname [filenames]
Delete a tag from anywhere
cvs rtag -d tagname project
The -r [tagname|revision] option accepts a tag name or a revision, but cannot have both tag name and revision. The -D [date|time] option accepts a date, a time, or both date and time.